Recommended Weekend Reads

The War on Ukraine, Broader Implications of the Peace Talks, Argentina’s Big Challenge, and the Future of Europe’s Security

March 14 - 16, 2025

Russia’s War on Ukraine and The Implications of a Possible Cease Fire

• The Kremlin's Balancing Act     Foreign Policy Research Institute

  Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the Russian government accelerated the preexisting trend of centralizing control over regional power and economic assets.  This study explains the shift of government control, highlights instances of pushback, and identifies limitations on the Kremlin's strategy going forward.  The Kremlin's centralization drive has manifested in several ways, including tightening control over regional and municipal political institutions, expanding financial control over regional budgets and policy priorities, nationalizing and indirectly mobilizing business assets, and introducing new priorities in personnel policy.  These changes have created winners and losers, resulting in friction and resistance from regional elites who perceive their interests and autonomy as threatened. The sustainability of the Kremlin's strategy is uncertain and risks intensifying tensions and worsening government instability.

• Lessons from Minsk II for the Ukraine peace talks   Brussels Signal

  The road to peace in Ukraine is extremely difficult and perhaps also very long, despite President Trump’s initial hopes. Even agreeing an initial ceasefire in Ukraine is a tall order, as this Tuesday’s Trump-Putin phone call attests. Nonetheless, negotiations will continue, particularly as all sides – Ukraine, Russia and the US – appear committed to achieving a full peace agreement rather than merely a Korean-style ceasefire.  Yet a full peace treaty is much more considerable undertaking, and these negotiations remain overshadowed by the failure of the Minsk II Agreement – a 2015 diplomatic effort that promised peace but ultimately collapsed. The lessons of Minsk II offer sobering insights into the obstacles facing any new settlement and the structural flaws that must be avoided if a sustainable resolution is to be achieved.

• Russia’s Peace Demands on Ukraine Have Not Budged     Council on Foreign Relations

  President Trump, in his recent address to Congress, said Russia has sent “strong signals that they are ready for peace.” Is that true? Not really. The Kremlin has not budged from its maximal demands for ending the conflict, which Russian President Vladimir Putin laid out last June and includes:

  • No NATO membership for Ukraine;

  • Ukraine’s recognition of Russia’s annexation of four Ukrainian provinces (even though Russia does not physically control all the territory of three of them);

  • Ukraine’s demilitarization and denazification (code for the installation of a pro-Russia puppet in Kyiv); and

  • the lifting of anti-Russia sanctions. 

  During a visit to the Defenders of the Fatherland Foundation, Putin doubled down on that position just last week, saying that Russia does not intend to make any compromises in peace negotiations. The Russian president sees no need to make any concessions. His armies are making grinding progress on the battlefield, albeit at a heavy cost in men and materiel. The Russian economy has proven resilient to Western sanctions, growing by more than 4 percent each of the past two years. Ukraine, meanwhile, is facing severe manpower shortages, and Western support is flagging.

• Turkey in a Trump-and-Putin World    Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

  The disruptions to the world order caused by Russia and the new U.S. administration complicate Turkey’s balancing act between Moscow and the West. But these shifts could offer Ankara a chance to shape the evolving security dynamics and contribute to Europe’s stability.  Yet Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan cracked down on Turkish opposition parties this past week, arresting dozens of politicians, fearful of losing power in the upcoming elections and exposing the fragility of his government.

•  A Blueprint for a European Defense Force    Strategic Europe

  As the U.S. commitment to Europe’s security wanes and Russia’s threat to the continent grows, the need for a European defense force is becoming more pressing than ever. By expanding existing frameworks and investing in Ukraine’s defense industry, Europe can begin to take charge of its own security.

The Tariff Wars

• The Incoherent Case for Tariffs   Chad Brown/Douglas Irwin – Foreign Affairs Magazine

  Less than two months into his second term, U.S. President Donald Trump has made good—with startling intensity—on his campaign promise to impose tariffs. On inauguration day, he issued the America First Trade Policy Memorandum to review U.S. trade policy with an eye toward a new tariff regime. Over the first two weeks of February, he set in motion new duties covering nearly half a trillion dollars of U.S. imports. On March 4, he doubled the size of his already significant February tariff increase on China. Over this period, he has also announced, suspended, announced again, and suspended again 25 percent tariffs on goods from Canada and Mexico. And his administration has pledged to impose reciprocal tariffs on April 2. The result has been uncertainty, chaos, and immediate retaliation from some of the United States’ biggest trade partners. All this economic upheaval raises a central question: Why is Trump so focused on tariffs? 

• Trump’s tariffs challenge India’s economic balance     The Australian Strategic Policy Institute

  US President Donald Trump’s tariff threats have dominated headlines in India in recent weeks. Earlier this month, Trump announced that his reciprocal tariffs—matching other countries’ tariffs on American goods—will go into effect on 2 April, causing Indian exporters to panic at the prospect of being embroiled in Trump’s escalating trade war. The economic impact on India, which runs a trade surplus with the US, could be significant. India exported goods worth nearly $74 billion to the US in 2024, and estimates suggest that Trump’s new tariffs could cost the country up to $7 billion annually.  But the implications could be much more far-reaching. One analysis estimates that India effectively imposes a 9.5 percent tariff on US goods, while US levies on Indian imports are only 3 percent. If Trump follows through on his pledge of full tariff reciprocity, that imbalance will vanish—along with the cost advantages many Indian exporters currently enjoy.

• Antitrust Fuels Trade Tensions    CEPA

  President Donald Trump’s tariff threats target “discrimination against American innovation,” and US legislators point to the EU’s Digital Markets Act as evidence – even as the US pursues its own tech antitrust cases.   The tensions underline a troubling reality: antitrust enforcement has become politicized, and as the Paris-based OECD Club of advanced democracies has long recognized, the politicization of antitrust enforcement makes markets less dynamic, less competitive, and less efficient, ultimately harming consumers. This outcome can be avoided if both European and American leaders depoliticize and focus enforcement on making markets work for consumers. 

• The Optimal Monetary Policy Response to Tariffs   Javier Bianchi & Louphou Coulibaly/NBER

  What is the optimal monetary policy response to tariffs? This paper explores this question within an open-economy New Keynesian model and shows that the optimal monetary policy response is expansionary, with inflation rising above and beyond the direct effects of tariffs. This result holds regardless of whether tariffs apply to consumption goods or intermediate inputs, whether the shock is temporary or permanent, and whether tariffs address other distortions.

Geoeconomics 

• Should Friday be the New Saturday? Hours Worked and Hours Wanted    National Bureau of Economic Research

  This paper investigates self-reported wedges between how much people work and how much they want to work at their current wage. More than two-thirds of full-time workers in German survey data are overworked—actual hours exceed desired hours. We combine this evidence with a simple labor supply model to assess the welfare consequences of tighter weekly hours limits via willingness-to-pay calculations. According to counterfactuals, the optimal length of the workweek in Germany is 37 hours. Introducing such a cap would raise welfare by .8-1.6% of GDP. The gains from a shortened workweek are largest for workers who are married, female, white collar, middle-aged, and high-income. An extended analysis integrates a non-constant wage-hours relationship, falling capital returns, and a shrinking tax base.

• Global Debt Report 2025   OECD

  Around 60% of the fixed-rate debt in the OECD that will mature by 2027 (approximately $9T) was issued in 2021 or earlier, before the recent tightening cycle, most likely at yields below current market rates. The weighted average YTM of the maturing debt in 2025-27 remains below 2% in all three years, [while] the average of the projected 10-year interest rate in OECD countries is expected to remain around 3.6% in 2025. The debt maturing in 2025-27 will, therefore, likely be refinanced at nearly twice the original rates. Increased borrowing needs and high borrowing costs have driven interest payments to a higher share of GDP in 2024, [contributing to] the first increase in the central government marketable debt-to-GDP ratio since 2020. The supply of bonds needing to be absorbed by the market accelerated as central banks continued to scale back their holdings. Four countries — France, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States — face heightened vulnerability, with the debt maturing by 2027 exceeding 15% of their current GDP and the average yield-to-maturity on debt issued in 2024 surpassing that of this maturing debt by over 1.5 percentage points.

Africa and Critical Minerals

• ·Zimbabwe’s lithium beneficiation policy: a catalyst for Vision 2030    ISS/Africa Futures

  As the global green energy transition gains momentum, lithium has emerged as the new gold, particularly in the automotive industry, due to its essential role in lithium-ion batteries. The demand for lithium continues to soar, and Zimbabwe stands at a competitive advantage as home to Africa’s largest lithium reserves and ranking among the world's top five in estimated deposits. If managed effectively, lithium beneficiation can drive Zimbabwe towards achieving its Vision 2030, transforming the country into an upper-middle-income economy. A fundamental aspect of this ambitious goal is attaining a GDP growth rate of 8–9% by 2030.

• Can the DRC Leverage U.S.-China Competition Over Critical Minerals for Peace?    Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

  The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is offering the United States access to its mineral resources in an effort to ensure peace and stability in the country. The offer, made against the backdrop of U.S.-China competition over critical minerals, is designed to motivate Washington to play a decisive role in the security crisis in the eastern DRC. Unlike in 2012, when then-president Barack Obama threw his weight into pressuring Rwanda to halt its support for the M23 (March 23) rebel movement, more recent U.S. administrations, past and current, have struggled to play a decisive role in the conflict raging in the eastern DRC, where the Congolese government is battling Rwandan-backed M23/AFC (Alliance Fleuve Congo) rebels.

Latin America 

• Chevron Out, Black Market In? The Fallout of U.S. Sanctions on Venezuela Oilprice.com

  On February 26, President Trump announced his intention to end General License 41, which allowed Chevron to operate in Venezuela despite sanctions. The U.S. Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) had created a system to monitor at least part of Venezuela’s oil industry by waiving sanctions for certain American, European, and Indian companies but with strict limitations. Four corporations that were authorized by licenses or comfort letters—Chevron, Repsol, Maurel et Prom, and Eni—contributed to a production of 325,000 barrels per day (bpd) in January, to the country’s total of 1,068,000 bpd, according to PDVSA, the state-owned energy company. The big question now is will it spur a massive rise of black-market oil coming out of Venezuela?
  

•  A Key Pending Challenge for Milei’s Argentina   Americas Quarterly

  Argentine President Javier Milei campaigned on two key promises: To bring the country’s high and accelerating inflation to a halt by dollarizing the economy and closing down the Argentine central bank (BCRA) and to balance the budget by taking a chainsaw to wasteful government spending. Now, 15 months into his term in office, he has made heroic progress on the fiscal and inflation fronts. But by forsaking dollarization and keeping currency and capital controls in place, Milei has jeopardized his anti-inflationary program and discouraged a potential investment boom.

North Korea

• The North Korean tourist trap       The interpreter/Lowry Institute

  Having closed the country even more tightly during the Covid pandemic, last month, North Korea put out the welcome sign for a small group of foreign tourists from Australia, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Canada for the first time since 2020. Yet the gates slammed shut again last week when Pyongyang announced it would grant no new tourism visas. Visitors from Russia have been allowed in since February 2024, but Chinese nationals, once North Korea’s main source of foreign tourists, have still not returned. The abrupt closure raised eyebrows, considering that North Korea’s Kim Jong-un has invested in key tourism facilities in Mount Chilbo, Mount Paektu, Mount Kumgang, and the Wonsan-Kalma resort area in preparation for the post-lockdown rebound in foreign visitors.

“America’s Nuclear Umbrella Is Open and Must Stay Open”

“There’s no alternative to the American deterrent—not for the United States, and not for Europe.”

Note: We wanted to share this excellent analysis and essay by our friend and Scowcroft Group colleague Frank Miller. Frank served for three decades as a senior nuclear policy and arms control official in the Pentagon and on the National Security Council staff and is a principal at the Scowcroft Group. Eric Edelman is a Counselor at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments and co-hosts The Bulwark’s Shield of the Republic podcast. He was Under Secretary of Defense for policy from 2005 to 2009 during the George W. Bush presidency.

MANY EUROPEANS ARE BEGINNING to question (some honestly and some self-servingly) whether the United States’ extended nuclear deterrent still provides a shield over its allies. In fairness, this is a time for some transatlantic introspection. That said, it is also a time to be clear-eyed about what can and cannot be accomplished.

First, despite the official statements and pundits’ predictions emanating from Europe, there is no indication that the Trump administration is planning to modify the United States’ more than seventy-year pledge to use our conventional and nuclear forces to defend NATO. In a February 27 press conference, Trump affirmed his support of NATO’s key Article 5, a statement later confirmed to NBC News by a National Security Council official in a written statement that said: “President Trump is committed to NATO and Article V.”

Second, there is no European substitute for the U.S. nuclear umbrella. The independent British deterrent, while committed to NATO and coordinated with U.S. forces in NATO plans, is designed principally to impose unacceptable costs on Russia in response to an attack on Britain—and therefore to deter such an attack. But it has always been assumed that the U.K.’s extended deterrence commitments would be supported by much larger and more flexible U.S. forces. As for France, despite recent, repeated posturing by President Emmanuel Macron that the French nuclear deterrent force can assume the role currently played by the United States, the so-called force de frappe—by design and by doctrine—is, as French Defense Minister Sébastien Lecornu stated in late February, “French, and it will remain French.” Lecornu has also specifically rejected any pooling of France’s nuclear weapons capability. A strategy of “tearing an arm off the aggressor” may have made sense in the Cold War, when American nuclear forces were always the ultimate backstop (or backup), but such a strategy cannot be a substitute for the U.S. defense commitment under Article 5.

NATO, for over sixty years, has followed a policy of “flexible response,” planning to deter aggression by threatening to respond as the situation requires. NATO’s integrated response plans are developed according to this principle. NATO nations agree on a combined nuclear policy by participating in a variety of NATO forums, especially the Nuclear Planning Group. Some NATO nations have committed their aircraft to carry out wartime missions carrying U.S. nuclear weapons, while those planes (and American ones) are protected by fighters from other NATO states.

From the beginning of its nuclear weapons program, France has refused to take part in coordinated NATO activity involving nuclear weapons policy or planning. (One of the authors of this article was intimately involved in reaching out to the French in this regard for over a decade.) It has disdained joining NATO’s nuclear forums, even as an observer. It is notable, in this regard, that even when France returned to the alliance’s integrated military structure in 2009, it specifically chose not to join the Nuclear Planning Group. Its nuclear doctrine differs dramatically from NATO’s, advertising rigidity rather than flexibility. Even accepting the extremely unlikely hypothetical (for the sake of argument) that French policy would change, it is inconceivable that Paris would share with other allies the burden and risk of its nuclear deterrent, which was entirely predicated on the need to maintain national sovereignty.

Third, the idea that NATO would be strengthened if two or more of its members opted out of the Non-Proliferation Treaty to develop their own nuclear weapons is risible. Opening Pandora’s box to allow proliferation will create global uncertainties, as European proliferation would almost certainly propel proliferation elsewhere: There is a growing discussion in South Korea about restarting its nuclear weapons program, and the greater Middle East could see a proliferation race among several rival powers. A proliferated world, in which the possibility of the actual use of nuclear weapons is dramatically higher, would be extraordinarily dangerous. Even allowing the argument that the new nuclear states themselves might be more secure against direct coercion and aggression, the rest of Europe would be left in the cold. The American nuclear umbrella has been the most effective nonproliferation policy imaginable.

Finally, the idea that the United States should establish a nuclear weapons site in Poland (at the cost of hundreds of millions of dollars) is unlikely to fly with a Trump administration already seeking to cut infrastructure funding. It might even, paradoxically, be more of an accelerant than a deterrent, since it might become a tempting target for Russian pre-emptive strikes in a crisis. If Warsaw desires a nuclear role, it should have some of its pilots join existing NATO dual-capable squadrons.

The answer, however unsatisfactory to those neo-Gaullists seeking to achieve the impossible dream of a French-led Europe, is that every effort must be made to keep the American umbrella in place—and even to strengthen it—in the near term with a nuclear sea-launched cruise missile and in the mid-term with a standoff weapon for NATO’s dual-capable aircraft. If the French are serious about strengthening deterrence rather than virtue signaling about the European dimension of their independent deterrent, they should consider how Paris can practically add to NATO’s collective nuclear deterrent capabilities. A first step would be to join the Nuclear Planning Group, its subordinate bodies, and the alliance’s nuclear planning arrangements.

National Downs Syndrome Day

Today is World Down Syndrome Day! Inclusive health care looks like this: getting the appropriate diagnosis and treatment from a doctor who has experience with your specific needs. For World Down Syndrome Day, and every day, we are elevating medical care for Down Syndrome patients. That is what we do at the Jerome Lejeune Foundation, where I proudly sit on the board of directors:  www.lejeunefoundation.org. Help support these wonderful people by supporting the Jerome Lejeune Foundation!

My late son, Brendan. An inspiration to so many even having left us more than a decade ago.

U.S. Financial Regulatory Week Ahead

Bessent Holds First FSOC Meeting, Bowman Gets the Fed Vice Chair Nomination, The SEC Crypto Task Force Meets, and Senate Banking Moves their De-Banking Bill

At last, Washington is taking something of a breather this week.  Both the House and Senate are out this week for “home working sessions” and most regulators have a light schedule (not that any of their heads have been confirmed yet to move on anything). 

Last week, the biggest event was President Trump was the news from an unnamed White House official that President Trump would nominate Federal Reserve Governor Michelle Bowman to be the new Fed Vice Chair for Supervision.   The news was cheered across seemingly all financial sectors (NOTE: We have yet to see any press release or posting by President Trump on Truth Social that he is going to do this).

Meanwhile, the Senate Banking Committee marked up and approved their first major bills of the new legislative session, the FIRM (Financial Integrity and Regulation Management) Act and the Guiding Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins (GENIUS) Act.   The Firm Act will, according to the Committee, “eliminate all references to reputational risk as a measure to determine the safety and soundness of regulated financial institutions.”  The aim is to stop de-banking of clients for political reasons.  But it also raises a lot of questions about what banks and other financial institutions can and cannot do when dealing with truly reputationally damaging clients.  Let’s see if Banking Committee Chair Tim Scott (R-SC) can get it passed by the full Senate.

The GENIUS Act is aimed at establishing a regulatory framework for payment stablecoins.  With so many pieces of legislation now flying around in both chambers dealing with crypto, we will hold back from predicting the ultimate outcome of this bill, too.

Looking at the week ahead, Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent will convene his firm Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC).  The agenda is still a bit vague, but the Treasury Department press release says the committee will get updates on cybersecurity, the Treasury market, homeowner and natural disaster insurance.

Which begs the question: Who will be attending?  The Senate Banking Committee has yet to schedule confirmation hearings for SEC Chair-nominee Paul Atkins, CFTC-nominee Brian Quintenz, Comptroller-nominee Jonathan Gould, or Federal Reserve Vice Chair-nominee Michelle Bowman.  And nobody has been nominated to chair the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (but they have an acting head in Travis Hill).  This is turning into one of the slowest presidential transitions we can remember in a long time.

Below is what else we are watching in the Washington financial regulatory world this coming week:

U.S. Congressional Hearings 

U.S. Senate

• The Senate is in a Pro Forma session with no business scheduled.

House of Representatives

• The House of Representatives is out of session this week.

Federal Department & Regulatory Agency Meetings & Events

Federal Reserve Board and Federal Reserve Banks

• The Federal Open Market Committee meeting is being held on Wednesday and Thursday.

U.S. Treasury Department

• Thursday, March 20 – Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent will preside over a meeting of the Financial Stability Oversight Council. The preliminary agenda for the meeting includes an update on recent Treasury market developments, an update on cybersecurity developments, and an update on homeowners insurance and natural disasters.

Department of Commerce

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Department of Housing and Urban Development

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Securities and Exchange Commission

• Monday, March 17, 12:00 p.m. – Acting SEC Chair Mark Uyeda delivers a keynote speech at the Investment Company Institute’s Investment Management Conference in San Diego, California.

• Friday, March 21, 1:00 p.m. – The SEC’s Crypto Task Force will host a first in a series of roundtables to discuss key areas of interest to the crypto market.

Commodities Futures Trading Commission

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Office of the Comptroller of the Currency

• Tuesday, March 18, 1:30 p.m. – Acting Comptroller of the Currency Rodney Hood gives a speech on bank regulation at the Consumer Bankers Association Live 2025 Conference in Orlando, Florida.

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

National Credit Union Administration

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

FINRA

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Federal Housing Finance Agency

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Federal Trade Commission & Department of Justice Antitrust Division

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Farm Credit Administration

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Farm Credit Insurance Corporation

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Small Business Administration

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

International Monetary Fund & World Bank

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

North American Securities Administrators Association

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Trade Associations & Think Tank Events

Trade Associations

• Sunday – Wednesday, March 16-19 – the Investment Company Institute holds its annual Investment Management Conference in San Diego, California.

• Monday – Wednesday, March 17-19 – The Consumer Bankers Associations’ CBA Live 2025 Conference will be held in Orlando, Florida.

Think Tanks and Other Events

• Wednesday, March 19, 12:00 p.m. – The Exchequer Club of Washington hosts Ben Johnson, Majority Staff Director, and Charla Oertatani, Minority Staff Director, of the House Financial Services Committee.

• Friday, March 21, 9:00 a.m. – The Peterson Institute for International Economics holds a virtual discussion on "Can Sanctions Change a Country's Policy? The Case of China." 

The Global Week Ahead

European Leaders Gather to Discuss European Defense and Security Planning, Trump Gathers Oil CEOs,  US-Russian Shuttle Diplomacy Continues, and the US, Japan, and UK Central Banks Meet on Interest Rates

March 16 - 23, 2025

It is going to be another action-packed week ahead geopolitically.  U.S. and Russian diplomats are expected to talk in an effort to reach a deal securing at least a temporary cease-fire in Ukraine.  Russian President Vladimir Putin seemed to indicate some support for the idea but then pushed back, saying there are a number of issues he still wants addressed.  President Trump late Sunday indicated he expected to talk to Putin later this week, but no set time or date has been set yet.  All in all, we believe negotiations are likely to be protracted.  Meanwhile, Russian forces have ramped up their assault on Ukrainian positions and made considerable gains against Ukrainian positions in the Kursk region of Russia.

European leaders will gather in Brussels for a Euro Summit this week to discuss how to advance a European defense and security agenda in the face of growing trade and defense tensions with the U.S.  An EU White Paper on EU Security is being formally released this week while German legislators will further consider a historic €500 billion defense and infrastructure package.   Europe is at a historic inflection point in facing a challenge to ensure its mutual defense and security and collective economic interests in the face of tough trade tariffs being placed on it by President Trump and ongoing trade tensions with China.

Meanwhile, President Trump will be gathering oil CEOs at the White House on Monday to discuss how to encourage more drilling in the US.  But with oil prices shrinking lately, the CEOs will likely be looking for guidance on economic incentives to help them achieve the President’s goals.

Looking at the global economic radar screen for the week ahead, it will be a big week for central banks.  The U.S. Federal Reserve, the Bank of Japan, the Bank of England, and the Central Bank of Brazil each meet to discuss the state of the economy and decide on interest rates.  This is likely to prove particularly challenging for the Fed as President Trump rapidly ramps up his tariff agenda.   The Bank of England and the Bank of Japan are likely to hold steady on rates.

Looking at what else is happening in Asia, China will be releasing a number of important economic reports, including retail sales for the first two months of the year.  The data comes as Beijing has just finished the Two-Session meetings focused on economic recalibration.  Japan will be releasing trade data on Wednesday and CPI data on Friday.

In Europe, Germany’s ZEW survey is out on Tuesday.  But the biggest economic event in Germany will be the ongoing parliamentary debate over the proposed €500 billion defense and infrastructure package.  A deal has been reached between political parties, and the final vote is expected this week.  Also this week, the UK releases labor market figures.

Bringing it back to the U.S., markets are looking at January retail sales numbers on Monday and industrial production figures on Tuesday.   And in Canada, CPI figures are out this week, too.

Below is what else around the world we are watching in the coming week:

Sunday, March 16, 2025

Global

·       UN Secretary-General António Guterres will convene a meeting in Geneva of the two Cypriot leaders and the Guarantor Powers of Greece, Türkiye and the United Kingdom for an informal meeting on Cyprus.

·       The UN  Climate and Clean Air Conference 2025 will begin and run through March 21 in Brasilia, Brazil.  This year’s theme, “Accelerating Action on Super Pollutants: The Road to COP30.”

Americas

Political/Social Events –

·       Brazil's former President Jair Bolsonaro will lead anti-government protests.

·       Colombian President Gustavo Petro will address a new session of Congress.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Asia

Political/Social Events –

·       New Zealand PM Christopher Luxon begins a five-day visit to Delhi for the Raisina Dialogue.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Europe

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Middle East

Political/Social Events –

·       Iraq will observe a national holiday to honor the victims of the 1988 Halabja massacre. 

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Saudi Arabia Wholesale Prices (February)/ Inflation Rate (February)

Africa

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Monday, March 17, 2025

Global

·       The UN  Security Council is scheduled to hold a vote on the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA). Also, the Security Council is scheduled to hold consultations on the 1701 report (the Israeli-Lebanese border).  In the afternoon, the Security Council is scheduled to hold a briefing on the 1591 Committee (regarding Sudan) as well as a briefing on the 1540 Committee (dealing with nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons).

·       The OECD Global Economic Forecast will be released in Paris, France.

·       The BRICS Tourism Working Group meets in Brazil.

·       There will be a BRICS Rapid Security Channel Meeting.

·       World Bank Global Digital Summit begins in Washington, running until Thursday.

·        There will be a meeting of the Council of the International Seabed Authority in Kingston, Jamaica.

·       Today is St. Patrick’s Day. We hope you are wearing something green to celebrate.

Americas

Political/Social Events –

·       President Trump will hold a meeting with oil executives at the White House to discuss energy production in the face of falling prices for crude oil.

·       Supporters of Jair Bolsonaro will hold a mass rally against President Lula da Silva's government in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Brazil IBC-BR Economic Activity (January)/ BCB Focus Market Readout

·       Canada Housing Starts (February)/ Foreign Securities Purchases (January)

·       USA NY Empire State Manufacturing Index (March)/ Retail Sales (February)/ Business Inventories (January)/ NAHB Housing Market Index (March)/ Retail Inventories Ex Autos (January)/ NOPA Crush Report

·       Colombia Cement Production (January)

Asia

Political/Social Events –

·       Senior Chinese official holds briefing on national economic performance of the first two months of 2025.  They will also hold a media briefing on government efforts to boost consumer spending.

·       The Raisina Dialogue begins in New Delhi, India.  The Dialogue is India’s premier conference on geopolitics and geoeconomics.

·       Britain's Net Zero Minister Ed Miliband visits for UK-China Energy Dialogue.

·       The US-ASEAN Business Council holds a media briefing with representatives from U.S. companies, diplomats and government officials as part of an American business delegation visiting the Southeast Asian nation to mark 30 years of U.S.-Vietnam diplomatic relations.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       New Zealand Composite & Services NZ PCI (February)

·       Singapore Non-Oil Exports (February)/ Balance of Trade (February)/ Unemployment Rate Q4

·       China House Price Index (February)/ Industrial Production (January)-(February)/ Retail Sales (January-February)/ Fixed Asset Investment (YTD) (January)-(February)/ Unemployment Rate (February)

·       Indonesia Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (February)

·       India WPI Food Index (February)/ WPI Fuel (February)/ WPI Inflation (February)/ WPI Manufacturing (February)

·       Kazakhstan Industrial Production (February)

·       Sri Lanka Manufacturing PMI (February)/ Services PMI (February)

·       Philippines Budget Balance (January)

Europe

Political/Social Events –

·       The EU Foreign Affairs Council meets in Brussels.  EU foreign ministers will discuss the situation in Ukraine and the Middle East (focus on Gaza, Syria, and Iran) but will also discuss the increasingly tense relations with the US.

·       The EU Transport, Telecommunications, and Energy Council will meet in Warsaw, Poland through March 18.  Minters will discuss the EU’s energy security architecture, the energy situation in Ukraine, and critical infrastructure.  On the sidelines of the meeting, there will be an informal meeting of EU Transport Ministers in Warsaw, Poland.

·       The Standing with Syria-Brussels 9th Conference will be held in Brussels.

·       NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte will meet the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Lithuania Kęstutis Budrys, at NATO Headquarters, in Brussels.

·       Russian President Vladimir Putin hosts Tajik President Emomali Rahmon for bilateral talks in Moscow.

·       UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer will announce details of his welfare reform plan.

·       In Moscow, a preliminary hearing in the trial of ex-deputy defense minister Timur Ivanov accused of embezzlement.

·       Georgia court to deliver verdict in the case of ex-president Mikheil Saakashvili. He has been charged with fraud.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde is awarded a  diploma from the Faculty of Law and Political Science of Université Aix-Marseille in Aix-en-Provence, France.

·       Italy Inflation Rate (February)

·       Spain Balance of Trade (January)

·       Romania Current Account (January)

·       Belarus Industrial Production (February)

·       Poland Balance of Trade (January)/ Core Inflation Rate (January)/ Core Inflation Rate (February)/ Current Account (January)

·       Ukraine Balance of Trade (January)

·       Turkey Budget Balance (February)

Middle East

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Qatar Balance of Trade (January)/ Inflation Rate (January)/ Inflation Rate (February)

Africa

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       South Africa Inflation Expectations Q1

·       Angola Foreign Exchange Reserves (February)/ M3 Money Supply (February)

Tuesday, March 18, 2025

Global

·       The UN Human Rights Council will meet to discuss the situation in Venezuela.

Americas

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Chile Current Account Q4/ GDP Growth Rate Q4

·       Canada Inflation Rate (February)/ CPI Median (February)/ CPI Trimmed-Mean (February)

·       USA Housing Starts (February)/ Building Permits Prel (February)/ Export Prices (February)/ Import Prices (February)/ Redbook (March/15)/ Capacity Utilization (February)/ Industrial Production (February)/ Manufacturing Production (February)/ API Crude Oil Stock Change (March/14)/ International Monetary Market (IMM) Date

·       Brazil Business Confidence (March)

·       Colombia Balance of Trade (January)/ Imports (January)/ ISE Economic Activity (January)

Asia

Political/Social Events –

·       The Defence Technology Summit will be held in Singapore through Friday. The Summit brings together representatives of government, industry, academia and think tanks to exchange views on defense and security developments. High-level delegates from U.S. companies including Oracle, Boeing and Palantir Technologies are set to attend.

·       A U.S. business delegation, including representatives from Amazon, Apple and Boeing, will visit Vietnam through March 20. 

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Australia’s Reserve Bank Deputy Governor Sara Hunter will speak at a banking conference in Sydney.

·       Japan Tertiary Industry Index (January)

·       Hong Kong Unemployment Rate (February)

·       New Zealand Global Dairy Trade Price Index (March/18)

Europe

Political/Social Events –

·       The EU General Affairs Council will meet in Brussels to discuss preparations for the March European Council meeting on March 20-21.

·       The German Bundestag (parliament) will vote on second reading of a €500 billion investment plan for defense and economy.

·       German Chancellor Olaf Scholz hosts French President Emmanuel Macron for Ukraine talks in Berlin, Germany.

·       The 5th EU-UK Parliamentary Partnership Assembly will be held in Brussels.

·       Euronext holds its annual conference.

·       The EU Tax Symposium will be held in Brussels.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Slovakia Inflation Rate (February)

·       Switzerland SECO Economic Forecasts

·       Italy Balance of Trade (January)

·       Euro Area Balance of Trade (January)/ ZEW Economic Sentiment Index (March)

·       Germany ZEW Economic Sentiment Index (March)/ ZEW Current Conditions (March)

·       Ireland Balance of Trade (January)

·       Russia PPI (February)

·       Belarus GDP (February)

Middle East

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Oman Inflation Rate (February)

Africa

Political/Social Events –

·       Angola will host direct talks between the government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Rwandan-backed M23 rebel group.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Angola Interest Rate Decision

Wednesday, March 19, 2025

Global

·       UN Secretary-General António Gutteres will meet with Ursula von der Leyen, the President of the European Commission, Antonio Costa, the President of the European Council, as well as Roberta Metsola, the President of the European Parliament in advance of the Euro Summit on Thursday.

·       The UN Security Council is scheduled to hold consultations on the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF).  

Americas

Political/Social Events –

·       US Director of National Intelligence (DNI) Tulsi Gabbard will travel to Hawaii (where a large National Security Agency office is located), Japan, Thailand, India, and France for meetings with her counterparts.

·       In Bogota, Colombia, unions and citizens march for the non-approval in Congress of the reforms of Gustavo Petro's government.

·       The Mexico City Congress debates initiative to ban bullfighting in the capital.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       The US Federal Reserve Board’s Open Market Committee begins two days of meetings to discuss the economy and interest rates

·       USA MBA Mortgage Market Index (March/14)/ MBA Mortgage Refinance Index (March/14)/ MBA Purchase Index (March/14)/ EIA Crude Oil & Gasoline Stocks Change (March/14)/ / Net Long-term TIC Flows (January)/ Foreign Bond Investment (January)/ Overall Net Capital Flows (January)

·       Mexico Aggregate Demand Q4

·       Argentina Full Year GDP Growth 2024/ GDP Growth Rate Q4/ Leading Indicator (February)

·       Brazil Interest Rate Decision

Asia

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       The Bank of Japan meets to consider interest rates.

·       New Zealand Current Account Q4

·       Japan Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (February)/ Machinery Orders (January)/Capacity Utilization (January)/ Industrial Production (January)

·       Australia Westpac Leading Index (February)

·       Indonesia Loan Growth (February)/ Interest Rate Decision/ Deposit & Lending Facility Rate (March)

·       India M3 Money Supply (March/07)

Europe

Political/Social Events –

·       The Tripartite Social Summit will be held in Brussels. The main theme of the tripartite social summit will be ‘Bringing Europe back on track in a challenging geopolitical environment as an attractive, competitive and investment friendly location that protects and creates quality jobs.”  The Tripartite Social Summit is a forum for dialogue between the EU institutions at president level and the European social partners at top management level. The summit is co-chaired by the President of the European Council and the President of the European Commission. The participating European-level social partners include: BusinessEurope, the European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC), SGI Europe (association of enterprises with services of general interest), SMEunited (association of crafts and SMEs in Europe), Eurocadres (council of European professional and managerial staff).  Participants will discuss the following topics: strengthening the EU in a challenging geopolitical environment, bringing Europe back on track as an attractive, competitive and investment friendly location that protects and creates quality jobs.

·       The European Commission will formally release its 2025 White Paper on the Future of European Defense.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       European Central Bank Executive Board Member Luis de Guindos gives remarks at V Observatorio Finanzas in Madrid, Spain.

·       European Central Bank Executive Board Member Frank Elderson gives a  keynote speech at the annual European Financials Conference organized by Morgan Stanley in London, UK.

·       Euro Area CPI (February)/ Inflation Rate (February)/ Labour Cost Index Q4/ Wage Growth Q4

·       European Union European Council Meeting

Middle East

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Oman M2 Money Supply (January)/ Total Credit (January)

Africa

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       South Africa Inflation Rate (February)/ Retail Sales (January)

Thursday, March 20, 2025

Global

·       The BRICS 4th Agriculture Working Group meets in Brazil.

·       The BICCS 2nd meeting Committee of Energy Officials will be held in Brazil.

·       The International Olympic Committee elects a new president to succeed Thomas Bach. Seven candidates vying for the IOC's top job include Japan's Morinari Watanabe, president of the International Gymnastics Federation. World Athletics President Sebastian Coe is also in the running.

·       Today is the Vernal Equinox, the first day of spring in the northern hemisphere.

Americas

Political/Social Events –

·       China will launch 100% retaliatory tariffs totaling more than $2.6 billion against Canadian agricultural products.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       The Federal Reserve’s Open Market Committee announces their interest rate decision followed by a press conference held by Fed Chair Jay Powell.

·       Bank of Canada Governor Tiff Macklem gives a speech at the Calgary Economic Development event.

·       Mexico Private Spending Q4

·       Canada PPI (February)/ Raw Materials Prices (February)

·       USA Current Account Q4/ Initial Jobless Claims (March/15)/ Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing Index (March)/ Philly Fed Business Conditions (March)/ Philly Fed CAPEX Index (March)/ Philly Fed Employment (March)/ Philly Fed New Orders (March)/ Philly Fed Prices Paid (March)/ Existing Home Sales (February)/ CB Leading Index (February)/ EIA Natural Gas Stocks Change (March/14)/ 15- & 30-Year Mortgage Rate (March/20)/ Fed Balance Sheet (March/19)

·       Argentina Consumer Confidence (March)/ Unemployment Rate Q4

Asia

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       New Zealand Westpac Consumer Confidence Q1/ GDP Growth Rate Q4

·       Australia Employment Change (February)/ Unemployment Rate (February)/ Participation Rate (February)

·       China Loan Prime Rate 1Y & 5Y (March)

·       Indonesia M2 Money Supply (February)/ Tourist Arrivals (January)

·       Malaysia Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (February)

·       Taiwan Export Orders (February)/ Interest Rate Decision

·       Hong Kong Inflation Rate (February)

Europe

Political/Social Events –

·       The Euro Summit will be held in Brussels, bringing together leaders from all 27 EU member states to discuss a stronger defense and security agenda as well as President Trump’s tariffs on EU goods and services.

·       The European Council will meet in Brussels.

·       The EU is expected to release an action plan to support Europe's steel sector.

·       Britain's Prince William visits Tallinn, Estonia to meet with British troops deployed as part of NATO's eastern flank reinforcement.

·       Bloomberg holds its Future of Finance Paris 2025 conference in Paris, France.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde gives an introductory statement at the ECON Hearing before the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs (ECON) of the European Parliament in Brussels, Belgium.

·       European Central Bank Executive Board Member Philip R. Lane gives a lecture at the UCC Economics Society's Conference at University College Cork (UCC) in Cork, Ireland.

·       Germany PPI (February)

·       Switzerland Balance of Trade (February)/ SNB Interest Rate Decision

·       The Bank of England meets to decide on interest rates.

·       Great Britain Unemployment Rate (January)/ Employment Change (January)/ HMRC Payrolls Change (February)/ Claimant Count Change (February)/ CBI Industrial Trends Orders (March)

·       Italy Construction Output (January)

·       Poland Corporate Sector Wages (February)/ Employment Growth (February)/ Industrial Production (February)/ PPI (February)

·       Euro Area Construction Output (January)

·       Ireland Residential Property Prices (January)

·       Turkey Foreign Exchange Reserves (March/14)/ Central Government Debt (February)

·       Serbia Current Account (January)

·       Slovakia Unemployment Rate (February)

·       European Union European Council Meeting

Middle East

Political/Social Events –

·       Israeli Foreign Minister Gideon Saar is expected to travel to London for meetings with Prime Minister Kier Starmer.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Kuwait Inflation Rate (February)

·       Qatar M2 Money Supply (February)/ Total Credit Growth (February)

·       Israel Manufacturing PMI (February)/ Inflation Expectations (March)

Africa

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       South Africa Building Permits (January)/ Interest Rate Decision/ Prime Overdraft Rate

Friday, March 21, 2025

Global

·       The UN Security Council is scheduled to hold a briefing, followed by consultations, on the Middle East (Gaza).

·       Today is World Downs Syndrome Day. 

Americas

Political/Social Events –

·       Ecuador’s President Daniel Noboa and leftist Luisa González debate before the presidential runoff.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       New York Federal Reserve Bank President John Williams gives keynote before the 2nd Biennial Macroeconometric Caribbean Conference organized by the Central Bank of The Bahamas and the Indiana University Center for Applied Economics and Policy Research (CAEPR).

·       Canada New Housing Price Index (February)/ Retail Sales (January)

·       USA Baker Hughes Oil Rig Count (March/21)

·       Argentina Retail Sales (January)

·       Uruguay Balance of Trade (February)/ GDP Growth Rate Q4

·       Paraguay Interest Rate Decision

·       Chile Interest Rate Decision

·       El Salvador Balance of Trade (February)

·       Brazil Federal Tax Revenues (February)

·       Costa Rica Balance of Trade (February)

Asia

Political/Social Events –

·       Operation Freedom Shield – joint US-South Korean military exercises – begin in South Korea.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       South Korea PPI (February)

·       New Zealand Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (February)/ Credit Card Spending (February)

·       Japan Reuters Tankan Index (March)/ Inflation Rate (February)/ Foreign Bond Investment (March/15)/ Stock Investment by Foreigners (March/15)

·       Malaysia Inflation Rate (February)

·       Hong Kong Current Account Q4

·       India Foreign Exchange Reserves (March/14)

·       China FDI (YTD) (February)

Europe

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Great Britain Gfk Consumer Confidence (March)/ Public Sector Net Borrowing Ex Banks (February)

·       Turkey Consumer Confidence (March)/ Tourist Arrivals (February)

·       France Business Confidence (March)/ Business Climate Indicator (March)

·       Euro Area Current Account (January)/ Consumer Confidence Flash (March)

·       Greece Current Account (January)

·       Slovenia Consumer Confidence (March)/ PPI (February)/ Unemployment Rate (January)

·       Italy Current Account (January)

·       Russia Interest Rate Decision/ CBR Press Conference/ Consumer Confidence Q1

·       Ireland Wholesale Prices (February)

·       Slovakia Current Account (January)

Middle East

Political/Social Events –

·       Nowruz – the Persian New Year – is observed.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Africa

Political/Social Events –

·       Today is Namibia Independence Day. President-elect Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah will be sworn into office, the country's first female president.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Saturday, March 22, 2025

Global

·       Nothing significant to report.

Americas

Political/Social Events –

·       Curaçao holds legislative elections.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Asia

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Europe

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Middle East

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Africa

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Sunday, March 23, 2025 

Global

·       Nothing significant to report.

Americas

Political/Social Events –

·       Argentine President Javier Milei will meet with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in Tel Aviv, Israel. 

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Asia

Political/Social Events –

·       The China Development Forum begins in Beijing, China.  The Forum brings together international business leaders and Chinese officials for meetings through March 24.

·       Pakistan celebrates Republic Day. The government will hold large military parades showing a wide array of weapons, including nuclear capable weapons systems.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Europe

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Romania Presidential Election (1st Round)

Middle East

Political/Social Events –

·       Turkey's main opposition party, the Republican People's Party, will hold presidential primaries ahead of Turkey's 2028 presidential election.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Israel Manufacturing Production (January)

Africa

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Recommended Weekend Reads

Business Strategy in a New Geopolitical Age, Chile’s Libertarian Presidential Candidate, One Moment and Two Speeches, Data Center Energy Demands, and What is the Mar-a-Lago Accord?

March 14 - 16, 2025

Below are our recommended reads from reports and articles we read in the last week. We hope you find these useful and that you have a relaxing weekend.   And let us know if you or someone you know wants to be added to our distribution list. 

Business Strategy in an Age of Heightened Geopolitical Risk

• How to Strategize in an Out-of-Control World       MIT Sloan Management Review

  During the past few years, company strategies have been disrupted repeatedly by major shocks like the COVID-19 pandemic, the outbreak of war in Ukraine and the Middle East, and breakthroughs in generative AI. In the first months of 2025, a stream of political surprises has been impacting company agendas — and further upheavals seem likely.   This turbulence is having a real impact on business: Our analysis of nearly 7,000 organizations over a 20-year time frame shows that variance in company profitability can increasingly be attributed to factors that lie beyond the company and its industry. (See “What Shapes Profitability?”) Contextual factors — like geopolitics, technology, and climate — now account for 43% of the variation in the net profit margins of public corporations.

The Indo-Pacific

• Conversations: China’s Naval Flotilla and Australia’s Response    Lowry Institute Podcast

  Defence analyst Marcus Hellyer talks with the Lowy Institute’s Sam Roggeveen about the unprecedented appearance of Chinese warships off Australia’s east coast. What message was Beijing sending? How well did Australia’s defense force perform in response? And what are Australia‘s future options with the United States in retrenchment?

• One Moment, Two Speeches   Center for Strategic and International Studies

  Two weeks ago, the world’s two most powerful countries witnessed a rare moment of symmetry. On March 4th  at 9:00 pm US EST, President Donald Trump strode into the Capitol to give his second administration’s first address to a joint session of Congress. Meanwhile, on the other side of the planet, at 9:00 am Beijing time, Chinese Premier Li Qiang was just finishing up his speech summarizing the annual Government Work Report(GWR) to the National People’s Congress. Both are two countries’ key national annual addresses in which the executive reports on the state of the country to the legislative branch. This side-by-side moment highlights not only major differences in the political systems and political theater, but also some surprising similarities in substance as well.

• Trump-ism and East Asia    Global Policy/Durham University

  Alastair Newton argues that Donald Trump’s abandonment of the US-led international order and efforts to reshape global trade and finance do not bode well for economies in East Asia which may find themselves forced by Washington into a Chinese sphere of influence as part of a grand bargain with Beijing.

Latin America

• The Radical Libertarian Reshaping Chile’s Presidential Race   Americas Quarterly

  He’s been called the “Gabriel Boric of the right”—maybe because, like Chile’s young president, he wears a beard and made a name for himself criticizing the country’s political establishment. But Johannes Maximilian Kaiser Barents-von Hohenhagen, 49, objects to the comparison.“ Kaiser, who proudly describes himself as a “reactionary,” is now taking a turn in the spotlight after a recent poll showed him tied for the lead in October’s presidential election. He is the latest right-wing populist in Latin America to channel widespread frustration with crime, immigration and politics as usual, although his story has some distinctly Chilean twists.

•  Inside a Mexican Cartel ‘Extermination’ Camp: Ovens, Shoes, and Teeth    Washington Post

  For months, the tips had been appearing on a Facebook page. There was a mass grave hidden in a rural village outside Guadalajara, in western Mexico, the messages said. Mexico has grappled for years with a crisis of disappearances, with more than 110,000 people reported missing. Relatives of the disappeared have unearthed hundreds of graves filled with corpses. This seemed like another. But the people who ran the Facebook page — a group in Jalisco state who search for the missing — were puzzled. After getting more anonymous tips, Indira Navarro, head of the group, and dozens of other victims’ relatives arrived on March 5 at an abandoned ranch outside La Estanzuela and started poking around. They dug up three underground ovens. They found hundreds and hundreds of singed bone shards — from skulls, fingers, teeth. It was what Mexicans call an “extermination camp.” But the image that’s really stunned Mexicans was of the shoes. There were piles of them — well over 200. The camp is a sign of how much criminal groups have penetrated the Mexican economy. They don’t just traffic drugs to the United States; they extort businesses, “tax” migrant smugglers, and run vast networks of contraband goods, from gasoline to wood.  Navarro’s group believes the ranch in La Estanzuela was a recruiting and training center for one such crime group. The area is dominated by one of the country’s largest cartels, Jalisco New Generation (CJNG).

American’s View of Currencies

• Cryptocurrency Ownership among U.S. Households     Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

  Cryptocurrency has become more prevalent since it first entered the global economy. However, no consistent measurement of cryptocurrency ownership among American households has emerged. This blog post uses what data are available through the Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF) to estimate the distribution of cryptocurrency ownership in the U.S., finding that roughly 4.3% of Americans held such assets.

• Thoughts for Your Penny?    Hoover Institution

  One of the concepts you come across in a well-taught monetary economics course is the idea of seigniorage. An online dictionary does a pretty decent job of defining it: “The profit made by a government by issuing currency, especially the difference between the face value of coins and their production cost.” Although the definition highlights coins, the concept applies to paper money also.  The US government makes a pretty penny (pun intended) on seigniorage. It’s not as much as it used to be because more and more people use credit cards and even cryptocurrency to buy goods and services. Still, it’s a good amount.  The biggest gain from seigniorage is on the $100 bill. Printing one costs the federal government just 9.4 cents.

  So, when the feds spend this $100, they make a nice profit of $99.90. Not bad. Printing a $1 bill costs the feds 3.2 cents. So even on a $1 bill, the feds make 97 cents.  But minting small coins loses money for the feds. In its 2024 Annual Report, the US Mint reports the cost of producing each coin denomination. The cost of producing a penny was $0.03. In other words, the cost of producing a penny was three times the value of the penny. Interestingly, the feds went underwater even on the nickel, whose cost, at $0.11, was over twice the value of the nickel. That’s why I stated earlier that the federal government should stop producing nickels also. It isn’t until you get to the dime that you find a coin that the feds make money on. Interestingly, the cost of producing a dime, at $0.045, is less than the cost of producing a nickel.

the Race for Critical Minerals and the Growing Electrical Demand for Data Centers

• Who is Paying for all that data center power?   Volts Podcast/Substack

  In this episode, Harvard Law's Eliza Martin and Ari Peskoe unpack how data centers' skyrocketing electricity demand could leave ordinary customers subsidizing Big Tech's power bills. Most chilling is the potential alliance between utilities and tech giants that threatens to derail much-needed utility reforms while entrenching fossil-fueled infrastructure.

• The Potential for Geothermal Energy to Meet Growing Data Center Electricity Demand   Rhodium Group

  Next-generation geothermal energy has a number of advantages in meeting growing electricity demand from data centers. This report estimates how much of this demand could potentially be served by geothermal over the next decade.

• Why the U.S. Keeps Losing to China in the Battle Over Critical Minerals    Wall Street Journal

  The U.S.’s desperate need for critical minerals—which include resources such as nickel, lithium and cobalt in addition to graphite—has been underscored by the Trump administration’s aggressive push for greater access in Ukraine and Greenland, rattling allies. In December, Beijing said it would ban certain mineral exports to the U.S. and conduct stricter reviews of graphite sales, in response to U.S. restrictions on semiconductor exports to China.   Yet with its thumb on many of the best resources, China can dictate prices. Washington’s policy flip-flops keep blowing up miners’ plans. And many Western mining companies struggle to navigate higher-risk countries where critical minerals—all needed for green technologies and national defense—are prevalent, leaving them flat-footed when unrest erupts. 

The Mar-a-Lago Accord: What Is It?  Will It Happen?

• What is the Mar-A-Lago Accord?              Apollo Academy/Apollo Capital Management

  The always brilliant Torsten Slok explains is brilliantly: The US dollar is the global reserve currency because America is the most dynamic economy in the world, and the US provides stability and security. As a result, there is upward pressure on the US dollar because everyone wants to own the world’s safest asset.  This safe-haven upward pressure on the dollar overwhelms the negative impact on the dollar coming from the US current account deficit. With safe asset flows putting constant upward pressure on the dollar, there is a need for a deal—a Mar-a-Lago Accord—to put downward pressure on the US dollar to increase US exports and bring manufacturing jobs back to the US. The Mar-a-Largo Accord is the idea that the US will give the G7, the Middle East, and Latin America security and access to US markets, and in return, these countries agree to intervene to depreciate the US dollar, grow the size of the US manufacturing sector, and solve the US fiscal debt problems by swapping existing US government debt with new US Treasury century bonds. In short, the idea is that the US provides the world with security, and in return, the rest of the world helps push the dollar down in order to grow the US manufacturing sector

•   Meeting in Mar-a-Lago: is a New Currency Deal Plausable?              Atlantic Council

  In 1985, finance ministers from France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States came to an agreement in the Plaza Hotel in New York City to intentionally devalue the US dollar. In the five years leading up to the Plaza Accord, the US dollar had doubled in value, threatening to upend global trade and destabilize the international financial system. Today, Washington is once again chattering about the possibility of a currency deal. This time, the venue may move south for what Trump’s incoming chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers, Stephen Miran, described as a “Mar-a-Lago Accord.” In a September report, Miran declared the overvaluation of the US dollar responsible for the “roots of economic discontent.”
  

• Mar-a-Lago Accord, Schmar-a-Lago Accord  Steven Kamin/Mark Sobel/Financial Times

  In recent weeks, the buzz has been mounting about a new American plan — a “Mar a Lago Accord” — to upend the global monetary system. We can only hope it remains idle chatter. In brief, based on a detailed discussion paper by CEA Chair nominee Stephen Miran, the accord would have America’s trading partners help weaken the dollar and commit to providing low-cost, long-term financing to the US government, enforced by the threat of higher tariffs or removal of security guarantees.   Intriguingly, there has been no announcement by the Trump administration or even a tweet by Trump, but Miran’s paper — along with various utterances by Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent — have led Wall Street observers to believe such an initiative is indeed in the offing. And that’s too bad, because a Mar-a-Lago Accord would be pointless, ineffectual, destabilizing, and only lead to the erosion of the dollar’s pre-eminent role in the global financial system.

U.S. Financial Regulatory Week Ahead

Bessent’s Regulatory Pillar, Senate Banking Wants to Re-Write Bank Reputational Risk Guidance, the FDIC Revamps Merger Guidelines, and Trump Says He Will Name a New Fed Vice Chair for Supervision

Major changes to the financial regulatory world continue apace in Washington, and two events this past week stood out.  First, Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent gave his first major speech laying out his “Three Pillars of the American First Economic Agenda.” Speaking at the New York Economic Club, Bessent said the first pillar would be overhauling financial oversight, making the case that “regulatory overreach of the past few years in pursuit of political agendas has missed material risk, stymied growth, and squashed innovation.

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) was the second significant change as the FDIC’s board of directors voted to roll back the Biden Administration’s proposed bank merger guidelines.  It was the first major financial deregulatory move of the Trump Administration.  The FDIC also withdrew from pending regulations on brokered deposits, corporate governance, and asset manager’s ownership stakes in banks.

In Congress, Republicans on the Senate Banking Committee (all 13 of them) signed on to legislation offered by Banking Committee Chair Tim Scott (R-SC) aimed at forcing federal banking regulators from using reputational risk as a component of supervision.  The point of the legislation, called the Financial Integrity and Regulation Management Act (FIRM Act), is to combat debanking.  The legislation was hailed by state bank regulators and the crypto industry, which has accused the FDIC and other bank regulators of discouraging banks from offering crypto services.  You can read a summary of the bill HERE.

Crypto had a big week last week with President Trump signing an Executive Order creating a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve.  The President followed this up with a first-of-its-kind White House Crypto Summit, bringing together crypto industry leaders.   

 This came as the House Financial Services Committee (HFSC) voted to overturn a Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) rule subjecting nonbanks with digital payment platforms to greater scrutiny.   

The HFSC also voted to overturn CFPB rules restricting overdraft fees, something banks have strongly lobbied in favor of repealing.  Both overturned CFPB rules are likely to be passed by the full House but passage in the Senate is far from assured.

While all this was going on, Senate Banking Committee Chair Scott and House Financial Services Committee Chair French Hill (R-AK) sent President Trump a letter urging the President to move quickly in naming a new Federal Reserve Vice Chair for Supervision.  Late Sunday, President Trump said he plans to make an announcement naming a new Vice Chair “fairly soon.”

We would also note — as we get many questions from clients — that we still do not know when SEC Chair-nominee Paul Atkins and Comptroller of the Currency-nominee Jonathan Gould will have their Senate confirmation hearings. The answer is we do not know as nothing has yet been scheduled, although we have heard rumors they may happen in the next two weeks.

Looking at the week ahead, the HFSC is holding a hearing on digital payments and the federal framework for payment stablecoins while the Senate Banking Committee is holding a hearing on affordable housing.  There will also be a raft of SEC and CFTC speeches this week as the futures industry holds its big annual conference in Boca Raton, Florida.  

And the Brookings Institution is holding an interesting event looking at how the State of New York regulates the financial sector.  Below is the full list of major events we are keeping our eyes on this week:

U.S. Congressional Hearings 

U.S. Senate

• Tuesday, March 11, 2:30 p.m. – The Senate Agriculture Committee holds a hearing entitled “Perspectives from the Field: Risk Management, Credit, and Rural Business Views on the Agricultural Economy Part 3”

• Wednesday, March 12, 10:00 a.m. – The Senate Banking Committee will hold a hearing entitled “Housing Roadblocks: paving a New Way to Address Affordability.”

House of Representatives

• Tuesday, March 11, 10:00 a.m. – The House Financial Services Committee will hold a hearing entitled  Navigating the Digital Payments Ecosystem: Examining a Federal Framework for Payment Stablecoins and Consequences of a U.S. Central Bank Digital Currency.

Federal Department & Regulatory Agency Meetings & Events

Federal Reserve Board and Federal Reserve Banks

• There are no public events scheduled for Fed Governors this week. They are in their Blackout Period in advance of the March 19th Federal Open Markets Committee meeting.

U.S. Treasury Department

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Department of Commerce

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Department of Housing and Urban Development

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Securities and Exchange Commission

• Monday, March 10, 1:30 p.m. – Acting SEC Chair Mark Uyeda will deliver remarks at the Institute of International Bankers 2025 Annual Washington Conference in Washington, DC.

·       Tuesday, March 11, 4:35 p.m. – SEC Commissioner Hester Peirce and CFTC Commissioner Summer K. Mersinger will participate in a fireside chat during the Global Policy & Regulatory Forum event hosted by the Alternative Investment Management Association in New York

• Thursday, March 13, 2:00 p.m. – The SEC will hold a Closed Meeting.

Commodities Futures Trading Commission

• Tuesday, March 11, 9:50 a.m. – CFTC Commissioner Kristin N. Johnson will speak on a panel titled “The Changing Face of Clearing” at FIA Boca50 in Boca Raton, Florida.

• Tuesday, March 11, 11:10 a.m. – CFTC Acting Chairman Caroline D. Pham will deliver a keynote address at the International Futures Industry Conference, FIA BOCA50 in Boca Raton, Florida.

• Tuesday, March 11, 11:25 a.m. – CFTC Commissioner Christy Goldsmith Romero will speak on an international regulator panel at the International Futures Industry Conference 2025 in Boca Raton, Florida.

• Tuesday, March 11, 4:35 p.m. – CFTC Commissioner Summer K. Mersinger and SEC Commissioner Hester M. Peirce will participate in a fireside chat during the Global Policy & Regulatory Forum event hosted by the Alternative Investment Management Association in New York.

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

• Monday, March 10, 10:00 a.m. – Acting FDIC Chair Travis Hill will speak at the Institute for International Bankers 2025 Washington Conference.

Office of the Comptroller of the Currency

• Monday, March 10, 2:00 p.m. – Acting Comptroller of the Currency Rodney Hood speaks on bank supervision at the Institute for International Bankers 2025 Annual Washington Conference.

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

National Credit Union Administration

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

FINRA

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Federal Housing Finance Agency

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Federal Trade Commission & Department of Justice Antitrust Division

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Farm Credit Administration

• Thursday, March 13, 10:00 a.m. – The FCA Board meets.

Farm Credit Insurance Corporation

• Wednesday, March 12, 10:00 a.m. – The FCIA Board meets.  The agenda includes payment from Allocated Insurance Reserve Accounts, a policy statement concerning contracting, the Report on Biennial Liquidity Assistance Exercise, the Annual Report on Contracts, and the Annual Report on Whistleblower Activity.

Small Business Administration

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

International Monetary Fund & World Bank

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

North American Securities Administrators Association

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Trade Associations Events

Trade Associations

• March 9 – 12 – the Futures Industry Association holds their Boca50 Conference in Boca Raton, Florida.

• March 10 – 11 – The Institute for International Bankers holds its 2025 Annual Washington Conference.

• March 11 – The Alternative Investment Management Association (AIMA) holds its Global & Regulatory Forum 2025 in New York.

Think Tanks and Other Events

• Tuesday, March 11, 11:00 a.m. – The Brookings Institution will hold a hybrid event entitled “How New York is regulating financial services.”  New York Superintendent of Financial Services Adriene Harris will participate in a fireside chat.

• Thursday, March 13, 9:00 a.m. – The Peterson Institute for International Economics holds a webcast entitled “The role of capital markets in emerging-market growth.”

Recommended Reads

• Why Italy is attracting so many bank merger proposals     OMFIF

• Large Bank Capital: There is More to Inflation Than the Price of Goods and Services  Financial Services Forum

• The Effect of Primary Dealer Constraints on Intermediation in the Treasury Market   Federal Reserve Bank of Boston

The Global Week Ahead

U.S. – Russia Talks Over Ukraine Begin in Saudi Arabia, G7 Finance Ministers Meeting in Canada, Germany Debates and Votes on a €500 Billion Infrastructure Fund, and the U.S. Congress Races to Head a Government Shutdown

March 9 - 16, 2025

It will to be another momentous week for Ukraine this week as U.S. and Russian diplomats meet in Saudi Arabia to begin negotiations over a possible cease-fire.  The Ukrainians will not be at the table, but Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky will travel to Riyadh to meet with Crown Prince Mohammed Bin Salem to discuss his concerns.  At the time of this writing – reports that Zelensky may return to Washington along with British Prime Minister Keir Starmer and French President Emmanual Macron for meetings with President Trump (however, Macron’s office has denied the report). 

Meanwhile, G7 Finance Ministers are scheduled to gather in Charlevoix, Canada, for two days.  The Ukraine situation will be top of the agenda but they are also expected to discuss a broader range of issues including the situation in the Middle East and delve into “significant issues in the Americas, including the ongoing crises in Haiti and Venezuela, as well as peace and security challenges in Africa, particularly in Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo.”

Markets this week are closely watching as the German Bundestag (Parliament) begins debating and possibly voting on a €500 billion infrastructure package as well as amending the Constitution to amend the debt brake the country has had in place to avoid deficit borrowing.  This is a historic vote for Germany, being described as a fiscal sea change for the country.  It comes in large part as a result of President Trump’s moves to end military aid to Ukraine and his urging Europe to strengthen its own defenses.

Also this week, the U.S. Congress is racing to pass a stop-gap Continuing Resolution (CR) to keep the federal government operating.  The current CR expires on March 14 and the proposed new one will keep funding flowing until September, giving House and Senate Republicans time to hammer out President Trump’s massive tax and budget Reconciliation bill.  Republican leaders are still at odds over key aspects of that bill, with a large faction of House Republicans demanding $2 trillion in budget cuts in order to fund the President’s tax proposals.  Much of that $2 trillion is dependent on Elon Musk’s DOGE efforts to find a promised $2 trillion in government cuts as well as highly controversial cuts to the Medicaid program.

All this comes as President Trump’s 25 % tariffs on steel and aluminum go into effect on Wednesday, mostly aimed at EU exports.  And China’s new tariffs on U.S. imports – ranging from 10% to 15% mostly agricultural imports – go into effect on Monday. 

Looking at the global economic radar screen for the coming week, there will be a steady flow of important economic news.  US inflation numbers are being released Wednesday, and the University of Michigan’s consumer sentiment reports will be released on Friday.   In Canada, the Bank of Canada meets on Wednesday to decide interest rates.

Turning to Asia, China’s inflation prints are out on Sunday.  Japan’s Economy Watchers survey is out this week, too.  Importantly, the Japanese Trade Union Confederation’s initial wage hike agreement votes will be announced. 

In Europe, UK GDP figures are out this week, while Germany releases trade figures and industrial production numbers on Monday.

Below are the other significant events around the world we are watching carefully this week:

Sunday, March 9, 2025

Global

·       Nothing significant to report.

Americas

Political/Social Events –

·       Canada’s Liberal Party selects a new leader.

·       Honduras holds primary elections.

·       Daylight Savings Time begins in the US.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Asia

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       China Inflation Rate (February)/ PPI (February)

Europe

Political/Social Events –

·       European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen will speak at a press conference about the first 100 days of her second mandate.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Middle East

Political/Social Events –

·       Algeria's electoral body will hold elections for 72 of the 174 seats in its upper house, the National Council.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Saudi Arabia GDP Growth Rate Q4

Africa

Political/Social Events –

·       Vietnamese Communist Party General Secretary To Lam will pay an official visit to Singapore through March 10.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Monday, March 10, 2025

Global

·       The UN Security Council is scheduled to hold a briefing in the afternoon on the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA), followed by consultations.

Americas

Political/Social Events –

·       UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer and French President Emmanuel Macron might be returning to Washington with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky to meet with President Trump to finalize a critical mineral deal and move the Ukraine peace process forward.  However, Zelenksy is also scheduled to be meeting with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed Bin Salem in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in advance of Wednesday’s US-Russia negotiations there.

·       China’s retaliatory tariffs on US agricultural products begin ranging from 10-15 percent on soybeans, pork, corn, and chicken.

·       The Organization of American States will elect its next secretary general.

·       The CERAWeek 2025 Energy Conference begins in Houston, Texas.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Mexico Consumer Confidence (February)

·       USA Consumer Inflation Expectations (February)

·       Brazil BCB Focus Market Readout/ Federal Tax Revenues (January)

·       Ecuador Inflation Rate (February)

·       Argentina           Tax Revenue (February)

Asia

Political/Social Events –

·       India and the European Union hold the next round of talks on a trade agreement in Brussels from Monday to Friday as the two sides aim to conclude an ambitious deal by the end of this year, amid rising geopolitical tensions and Trump's tariff threats. The pair relaunched negotiations in June 2022 after a deal failed to materialize despite 16 rounds of talks between 2007 and 2013.

·       China’s annual “Two Sessions’ ends with the National People’s Congress legislative gathering in Beijing.  Last week, the leadership set an economic growth target of “around 5%.”

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Japan Average Cash Earnings (January)/ Overtime Pay (January)/ Current Account (January)/ Bank Lending (February)/ Coincident Index (January)/ Eco Watchers Survey Current & Outlook (February)/ Leading Economic Index (January)

·       Singapore Unemployment Rate Q4

·       Pakistan Interest Rate Decision

·       Indonesia Car Sales (February)/ Motorbike Sales (February)

·       China National People’s Congress

Europe

Political/Social Events –

·       The Eurogroup meets in Brussels.  The agenda will cover fiscal policy coordination and follow-up from the February G7 finance ministers meeting.

·       President von der Leyen participates in the Interinstitutional Actors meeting with António Costa, President of the European Council, Christine Lagarde, President of the European Central Bank, and Paschal Donohoe, President of the Eurogroup.

·       NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte travels to Bosnia and Herzegovina for meetings with leaders.

·       The EU Employment, Social Policy, Health and Consumer Affairs Council (Social Policy) meets in Brussels.  Ministers will discuss the challenges of the silver transformation.

·       There will be an informal meeting of EU Research Ministers in Brussels through March 11.

·       Workers at major airports in Germany are scheduled to go on a 24-hour strike.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Germany Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (January)/ Industrial Production (January)

·       Turkey Industrial Production (January)

·       Slovakia Industrial Production (January)

·       Switzerland Consumer Confidence (February)

·       Italy PPI (January)

·       Slovenia Industrial Production (January)

·       Greece Balance of Trade (January)/ Industrial Production (January)/ Inflation Rate (February)

·       Ireland Industrial Production (January)

·       Belarus Inflation Rate (February)

·       Euro Area ECB Nagel Speech/ ECOFIN Meeting

·       Hungary Budget Balance (January)

Middle East

Political/Social Events –

·       The International Monetary Fund will discuss and conduct the fourth review of Egypt's loan program. 

·       A team from the IMF is scheduled to visit Lebanon to discuss possible financial assistance.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Israel GDP Growth Annualized 2nd Est Q4/ Consumer Confidence (February)

·       Saudi Arabia Industrial Production (January)

·       Qatar Balance of Trade (January)/ Inflation Rate (January)

Africa

Political/Social Events –

·       Cuban Foreign Minister Bruno Rodriquez Parrilla visits South Africa.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Egypt Inflation Rate (February)

·       Tanzania Inflation Rate (February)

Tuesday, March 11, 2025

Global

·       The UN Security Council is scheduled to hold a briefing on the Cooperation between the United Nations and regional and subregional organizations (EU). This will be followed by consultations on DRC.

·       Today is the 5th anniversary of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaring COVID-19 a pandemic.

Americas

Political/Social Events –

·       Greenland holds elections for the  Inatsisartut, their 31-member parliament.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       USA NFIB Business Optimism Index (February)/ Redbook (March/08)/ JOLTs Job Openings & Quits (January)/ WASDE Report/ API Crude Oil Stock Change (March/07)

·       Brazil Industrial Production (January)

·       El Salvador PPI (February)

Asia

Political/Social Events –

·       Vietnamese Communist Party General Secretary To Lam will pay a state visit to Indonesia through March 13.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       New Zealand Manufacturing Sales Q4

·       Australia Westpac Consumer Confidence Index & Change (March)/ NAB Business Confidence (February)

·       Japan Household Spending (January)/ GDP Growth Annualized Q4/ GDP Capital Expenditure Q4/ GDP External Demand Q4/ GDP Price Index Q4/ GDP Private Consumption Q4/ Machine Tool Orders (February)

·       Indonesia Consumer Confidence (February)

·       Malaysia Unemployment Rate (January)

·       Philippines Foreign Direct Investment (December)

·       Kazakhstan PPI (February)

Europe

Political/Social Events –

·       French President Emmanuel Macron will host a meeting of military chiefs of staff of nations ready to offer military support for Ukraine.

·       Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov meets Organization for Security and Co-Operation in Europea (OSCE) Secretary General Feridun Sinirlioglu in Moscow.

·       The EU Economic and Financial Affairs Council will meet in Brussels.  They will discuss competitiveness and how to improve the business environment, cooperation in the field of taxation, and outcomes of the G20 finance ministers meeting.

·       NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte travels to visit KFOR (The NATO-led mission in Kosovo).

·       The Paris Defense and Strategy Forum begins and runs through March 13.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Great Britain BRC Retail Sales Monitor (February)

·       Ireland Construction PMI (February)

·       Turkey Retail Sales (January)/ Auto Production (February)/ Auto Sales (February)

·       Hungary Inflation Rate (February)

·       Slovakia Balance of Trade (January)

·       Ukraine Inflation Rate (February)

·       Germany Bundesbank Köhler-Geib Speech

Middle East

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Africa

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Mozambique Inflation Rate (February)

Wednesday, March 12, 2025

Global

·       G7 Finance Ministers are scheduled to meet in Quebec, Canada.

·       The OPEC Monthly Oil Market Report is released.

·       The 12th annual World Ocean Summit & Expo begins in Tokyo and runs through March 13.

·       The BRICS Agriculture Working Group meets in Brazil.

Americas

Political/Social Events –

·       US and Russian diplomats will meet in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia to discuss a possible cease-fire in Ukraine.

·       President Trump’s 25 percent tariff on steel and aluminum goes into effect.

·       Ireland’s Taoiseach (Prime Minister) Micheál Martin will be in Washington DC to meet with President Trump.

·       Belize holds elections for their House of Representatives.

·       SpaceX Crew-10 mission, a Dragon spacecraft on a Falcon 9 rocket, launches from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida on a voyage to the International Space Station

Economic Reports/Events –

·       USA MBA Mortgage Market Index (March/07)/ MBA Purchase Index (March/07)/ Inflation Rate (February)/ CPI (February)/ EIA Crude Oil & Gasoline Stocks Change (March/07)/ Monthly Budget Statement (February)

·       Brazil Gross Debt to GDP (January)/ Nominal Budget Balance (January)/ Inflation Rate (February)/ Car Production (February)/ New Car Registrations (February)

·       Bank of Canada Interest Rate Decision and Press Conference

·       Paraguay Balance of Trade (February)

·       Ecuador Balance of Trade (January)

Asia

Political/Social Events –

·        AI-Semiconductor conference begins in Hanoi, Vietnam, and runs until Friday. Attendees are expected to include executives from Google DeepMind, IBM, Intel, TSMC, Samsung, MediaTek, Tokyo Electron, Panasonic, Qorvo, and Marvel.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       New Zealand Electronic Retail Card Spending (February)

·       Japan BSI Large Manufacturing Q1/ PPI (February)

·       Indonesia Retail Sales (January)

·       Malaysia Industrial Production (January)/ Retail Sales (January)

·       India Industrial Production (January)/ Inflation Rate (February)/ Manufacturing Production (January)/ Passenger Vehicles Sales (February)

Europe

Political/Social Events –

·       The EU Competitiveness Council (Internal market and industry) will meet in Brussels.  Ministers will discuss the competitiveness compass and the clean industrial deal and ways to modernize the single market.

·       The European Parliament will convene in plenary session through March 13.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde gives a speech at the 25th "ECB and Its Watchers" conference organized by the Institute for Monetary and Financial Stability at Goethe University in Frankfurt, Germany.

·       European Central Bank Executive Board Member Philip R. Lane gives the wrap up and closing remarks at the 25th "ECB and Its Watchers" conference organized by the Institute for Monetary and Financial Stability at Goethe University in Frankfurt, Germany

·       Romania Balance of Trade (January)

·       Turkey Current Account (January)

·       Slovakia Construction Output (January)

·       Spain Retail Sales (January)

·       Serbia Inflation Rate (February)

·       Hungary Monetary Policy Meeting Minutes

·       Poland Interest Rate Decision (March)

·       Russia Inflation Rate (February)

Middle East

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Africa

Political/Social Events –

·       Mauritius celebrates Independence Day, marking when the country gained its independence from the UK in 1968.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Angola Inflation Rate (February)

·       South Africa Annual Budget Speech

Thursday, March 13, 2025

Global

·       The UN Security Council is scheduled to hold a briefing on Sudan (The 1591 Committee).

·       The IEA publishes its monthly oil report.

·       The Jewish holiday of Purim will begin and be observed through March 14.

·       There will be a 'Blood Moon' total lunar eclipse, seen in North and South America.

Americas

Political/Social Events –

·        Argentine teachers are expected to hold street protests across the country in opposition to President Javier Milei’s reform programs.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Brazil Bank Lending (January)

·       Mexico Industrial Production (January)

·       Canada Building Permits (January)

·       USA Initial Jobless Claims (March/08)/ PPI (February)/ EIA Natural Gas Stocks Change (March/07)/ 15- & 30-Year Mortgage Rate (March/13)/ Fed Balance Sheet (March/12)

·       Peru Interest Rate Decision/ Balance of Trade (January)

Asia

Political/Social Events –

·       Vietnamese Industry and Trade Minister Nguyen Hong Dien will meet with U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer in Washington to discuss reducing the two countries' trade imbalance.

·       Today is Holi, the two-day Hindu festival of colors, celebrating the arrival of spring and the triumph of good over evil.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       New Zealand Visitor Arrivals (January)

·       South Korea Unemployment Rate (February)

·       Japan Foreign Bond Investment (March/08)/ Stock Investment by Foreigners (March/08)

·       Australia Building Permits (January)/ Private House Approvals (January)/ RBA Jones Speech

·       Hong Kong Industrial Production Q4

Europe

Political/Social Events –

·       The German Parliament (Bundestag) begins debating a € 500 billion infrastructure fund and amending the debt brake.

·       The 8th EU-South Africa Summit will be held in Cape Town, South Africa. The President of the European Council, António Costa, together with European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen, will represent the EU. South Africa will be represented by President Cyril Ramaphosa.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       European Central Bank Executive Board Member Luis de Guindos participates in an online fireside chat at EIOPA Sustainable Finance Conference 2025 "Driving Resilience and Action in a Warming World".

·       Great Britain RICS House Price Balance (February)

·       Romania Industrial Production (January)/ Inflation Rate (February)

·       Hungary Industrial Production (January)

·       Switzerland Producer & Import Prices (February)

·       France IEA Oil Market Report

·       Germany Bundesbank Köhler-Geib Speech/ Bundesbank Balz Speech

·       Euro Area Industrial Production (January

·       Ireland Inflation Rate (February)

·       Serbia Interest Rate Decision

·       Turkey MPC Meeting Summary/ Foreign Exchange Reserves (March/07)

Middle East

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Israel Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (February)/ Current Account Q4

Africa

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       South Africa Gold Production (January)/ Mining Production (January)/ Manufacturing Production (January)

Friday, March 14, 2025

Global

·       Nothing significant to report.

Americas

Political/Social Events –

·       Today is the US Government shutdown deadline.  The government will shut down unless Congress passes a stop-gap Continuing Resolution (CR) by midnight.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Brazil PPI (January)/ Retail Sales (January)

·       Canada Manufacturing Sales (January)/ New Motor Vehicle Sales (January)/ Wholesale Sales (January)

·       Colombia Consumer Confidence (February)/ Industrial Production (January)/ Retail Sales (January)

·       USA Michigan Consumer Sentiment (March)/ Baker Hughes Total Rigs Count (March/14)

·       Uruguay Industrial Production (January)

·       Paraguay Consumer Confidence (February)

·       Argentina Inflation Rate (February)

·       Peru GDP Growth Rate (January)/ Unemployment Rate (February)

Asia

Political/Social Events –

·       Rengo, Japan's largest labor confederation, is expected to release results from the first tabulation of this year's spring wage negotiations. Rengo-affiliated unions have called for an average wage hike of 6.09% this year, surpassing 6% for the first time since the early 1990s.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       South Korea Import Prices (February)/ Export Prices (February)

·       New Zealand Business NZ PMI (February)/ Food Inflation (February)

·       India Bank Loan Growth (February/28)/ Deposit Growth (February/28)/ Foreign Exchange Reserves (March/07)/ Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (February)

·       Sri Lanka GDP Growth Rate Q4

·       Philippines Cash Remittances (January)

·       China Vehicle Sales (February)/ New Yuan Loans (February)/ M2 Money Supply (February)/ Outstanding Loan Growth (February)/ Total Social Financing (February)

·       Kazakhstan GDP (February)

Europe

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       European Central Bank Executive Board Member Piero Cipollone participates on a panel discussion at event "Fifty years of Consob: present and future - Reflections in Bocconi" organized by Consob (Commissione Nazionale per le Società e la Borsa) and Bocconi University in Milan, Italy.

·       Germany Inflation Rate (February)/ Wholesale Prices (February)/ Current Account (January)

·       Great Britain Goods Trade Balance (January)/ Balance of Trade (January)/ Construction Output (January)/ GDP (January)/ Industrial Production (January)/ Manufacturing Production (January)/ NIESR Monthly GDP Tracker (February)

·       Hungary Construction Output (January)

·       France Inflation Rate (February)

·       Slovakia Inflation Rate (February)

·       Spain Inflation Rate (February)

·       Italy Industrial Production (January)

·       Poland Inflation Rate (February)

·       Greece Construction Output Q4

·       Serbia Balance of Trade (January)/ Building Permits (January)

·       Euro Area ECB Cipollone Speech

·       Russia Balance of Trade (January)

Middle East

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Israel Inflation Rate (February)

·       Jordan Inflation Rate (February)

Africa

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nigeria Food Inflation (February)/ Inflation Rate (February)

·       Ethiopia Inflation Rate (February)

Saturday, March 15, 2025

Global

·       Nothing significant to report.

Americas

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Asia

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Europe

Political/Social Events –

·       Today is National Day in Hungary, celebrating the 1848 revolution against the Austrian Empire.

·       Students in Serbia are expected to hold mass-demonstrations against corruption in Belgrade, Serbia.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Middle East

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Africa

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Sunday, March 16, 2025

Global

·       Nothing significant to report.

Americas

Political/Social Events –

·       Brazil's former President Jair Bolsonaro will lead anti-government protests.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Asia

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Europe

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Middle East

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Saudi Arabia Wholesale Prices (February)/ Inflation Rate (February)

Africa

Political/Social Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Economic Reports/Events –

·       Nothing significant to report.

Recommended Weekend Reads

How is Geopolitics Impacting Corporate Investments, Canada’s and Mexico’s Retaliation Options, US Support for NATO Staying Strong, and is China Headed to a Prolonged Recession?

Geopolitical Risk, Economic Statecraft, and Tariff Impacts

• How Firms’ Perceptions of Geopolitical Risk Affect Investment  Federal Reserve Bank of Boston

  This brief introduces a new index that measures US firms' perceptions of geopolitical risk based on earnings call transcripts. On average, US firms perceive that geopolitical risk has risen sharply in recent years. Perceptions that geopolitical risk is elevated can result in significant and persistent reductions in future investment, particularly for firms in industries that view geopolitical risk as especially high. Firms with low cash positions reduce future investment more than those with higher liquidity when they perceive that geopolitical risk is elevated.

• Economic Statecraft: The Need for an Integrated Approach  H.R. McMaster & Andrew Grotto/Hoover Institution

  The competition between democracies and authoritarian regimes will shape the future of global power. China and Russia, alongside North Korea and Iran, aim to weaken US influence. To prevail, the United States must integrate economic power into its strategy, counter unfair trade practices, and support key industries. This report urges President Trump to issue an executive order for a coordinated economic statecraft strategy and improved analytic capabilities to enhance decision making.

• A World Safe for Prosperity: How American Can Foster Economic Security Geoffrey Gertz & Emily Kilcrease/Foreign Affairs

  U.S. President Donald Trump jolted the global economy this past weekend when he announced sweeping tariffs on Canada, China, and Mexico, the United States’ three largest trading partners. Trump’s actions confirmed what his campaign rhetoric had led observers to believe: that tariffs, whether implemented or threatened, will be central to his foreign policy. Many of the United States’ closest trading partners also prioritize economic security. But today’s trade and investment agreements tend to relegate it to the periphery rather than treat it as central to economic relationships. This must change. Building on their existing commitments, the United States and its close partners should pursue a series of binding bilateral or regional economic security agreements that will nurture greater economic cooperation, as well as more effective coordination against outside rivals, particularly China.

• Canada and Mexico have retaliation options that shrink American take-home pay  Simon Evenett & Marc-Andreas Muendler/UC San Diego Globalization and Prosperity Lab

  Abstract: Trade conflict is costly to all parties. Canadian and Mexican trade retaliation can deny tariff-related wins for American workers. Blunt retaliation could go so far as to eliminate all the take-home pay gains in 40 U.S. states and make whatever gains occur elsewhere barely noticeable. Tariff-induced higher prices are a further drag on American families. Canada and Mexico would take a strong hit from blunt retaliation, but they can use smarter approaches and demonstrate the limits of America First Trade Policy for U.S. workers.

• Carrots, Sticks, and Sledgehammers: Trump’s Options for Reducing U.S. Oil Prices  Center for Strategic and International Studies

  Since his second term began on January 20, 2025, President Trump has clearly signaled a desire for lower oil prices. Executive orders, including “Unleashing American Energy,” as well as his remarks to the Davos World Economic Forum audience on January 23, outline Trump’s case for bringing down the price of oil. Apart from the obvious direct advantage of reducing costs for consumers and businesses, Trump has associated the benefits of lower energy prices with two strategic priorities: first, as an instrument for taming inflation. Trump believes that a lower energy price environment will pave the way for the Federal Reserve to reduce interest rates and stimulate economic activity. Second, Trump has asserted that lower oil prices will hasten an end to the war in Ukraine, ostensibly because Moscow would be deprived of oil export revenues sufficient to sustain its war effort. This reason, however, may have been superseded by recent events, including a February 12 phone call between Trump and Putin, a bilateral meeting of advisors in Riyadh on February 18, and Trump’s February 24 prediction that the war could end within a few weeks.

• Americans' Foreign Policy Priorities, NATO Support Unchanged  Gallup

  Americans’ U.S. foreign policy preferences at the start of Donald Trump's second term are largely the same as Gallup found when he took office in 2017. The public is united in thinking the nation's top priorities should be preventing terrorism, curtailing nuclear proliferation and securing energy supplies. Smaller majorities want the U.S. to pursue favorable trade deals and work with organizations like the United Nations to bring about global cooperation. Relatively few, on the other hand, rate promoting democracy or economic development in other countries as highly important, although there are sharp partisan differences in views on this group of goals. These findings are from Gallup’s annual World Affairs poll, conducted Feb. 3-16. In addition to measuring Americans’ preferred foreign policy goals for the first time in eight years, the poll finds widespread public support for the NATO alliance, unchanged from the prior reading in 2019.

Asian Trade & Economics

• Facilitating Confidence-Driven Trade in South Asia  Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

  Greater economic stability in South Asia hinges on the continued need for confidence-building measures (CBMs), which can help foster trust and create an environment conducive to long-term cooperation and growth. Positive examples of such efforts can be seen within the region. More than five decades after the 1971 war that led to the creation of an independent Bangladesh, the recent inauguration of a direct sea trade link between Karachi in Pakistan and Chittagong in Bangladesh marks a hopeful shift in South Asian diplomacy, demonstrating the potential for CBMs and international cooperation even after decades of discord.

• China is on course for a prolonged recession  The Strategist/Australian Strategic Policy Institute

  The risk of China spiraling into an unprecedentedly prolonged recession is increasing. Its economy is experiencing deflation, with the price level falling for a second consecutive year in 2024, according to recent data from the National Bureau of Statistics of China. It’s on track for the longest period of economy-wide price declines since the 1960s. Coupled with the collapse of the property sector, a looming trade war with the United States and demographic and debt overhang challenges, much of the Chinese public has lost confidence in the economy and its leadership. The country has the ingredients for a recession, and not a short one. It has spent too much on investment and needs to turn to consumption as a source of demand, but people are unwilling to spend. They have long had high savings rates, and now deflation is further discouraging spending. So do falling property values, ageing of the population and excessive corporate and government debt.

U.S. Financial Regulatory Week Ahead

A U.S. Strategic Crypto Reserve? The Future of the CFPB, Capital One/Discover Merger Faces One Less Obstacle, and The Future of the Fed’s Dual Mandate is Questioned

March 3 - 7, 2025

The Washington regulatory world continues to get busier by the week. President Trump added more to the mix this past weekend by announcing he was going to create a new U.S. Strategic Reserve of Cryptocurrencies, going so far as to name five digital assets he expects to include in the Reserve. Considering there is no actual regulatory structure around crypto, the announcement will likely significantly turbo-charge Congress’ efforts to pass legislation defining basic regs.

This coming week, the Senate Finance Committee will hold confirmation hearings for Treasury Secretary nominee Michael Faulkender. Last week, the Senate Banking Committee held confirmation hearings for Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) Director nominee Jake McKernan, William Pulte to be the Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency, and Stephen Miran to be the Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisors.

The hearing spotlighted what the Trump Administration wants to do with the CFPB going forward. Senator Elizabeth Warren (D-MA) and other committee Democrats pressed McKernan for more details. Interestingly, in an interview with Politico on Sunday, the CFPB Chief Operating Officer, Adam Martinez, conceded that the Trump Administration had initially wanted to close the agency, but that was no longer the case.

The CFPB also was in the news last week when it was announced they were dropping an enforcement action against Capital One after having accused the bank in January of cheating customers out of more than $2 billion in interest payments. The move was seen as another positive move toward regulatory approval of Capital One’s acquisition of Discover.

Also last week, Representative Frank Lucas (R-OK), who is chairing the House Financial Services Committee’s Monetary Policy, Treasury Market Resilience, and Economic Prosperity Task Force, said he wants to “air it all out” when it comes to looking at the Federal Reserve Board and how effective the Board’s dual mandate of price stability and promoting maximum employment is working while also conducting regulatory supervision of banks. The task force is holding its first hearing tomorrow (Tuesday). We would note this is not a subcommittee, and it is not bipartisan. The members are: Rep. Frank Lucas (OK-03), Rep. Bill Huizenga (MI-04), Rep. Andy Barr (KY-06), Rep. Marlin Stutzman (IN-03), Rep. Scott Fitzgerald (WI-05), Rep. Mike Flood (NE-01), Rep. Monica De La Cruz (TX-15), Rep. Troy Downing (MT-02).

Finally, we would note that President Trump’s desire to create a sovereign wealth fund took another step toward reality when Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent announced the appointment of J.R. Gibbins as Bessent’s new senior advisor to plan and oversee the fund’s launch. Gibbins previously worked at the Defense Department’s Office of Strategic Capital and, prior to that, at Capstone Partners.

U.S. Congressional Hearings

U.S. Senate

• Thursday, March 6, 10:00 a.m. – The Senate Finance Committee holds the confirmation hearing for Michael Faulkender to be Deputy Secretary of the Treasury.

House of Representatives

• Tuesday, March 4, 10:00 a.m. – The House Financial Services Committee’s Task Force on Monetary Policy, Treasury Market Resilience, and Economic Prosperity holds a hearing. You can read the Task Force’s Committee Memorandum HERE.

• Tuesday, March 4, 2:00 p.m. – The House Financial Services Committee’s Subcommittee on Housing and Insurance holds a hearing entitled “Building our Future: Increasing Housing Supply in America.”

• Wednesday, March 5, 10:00 a.m. – The full House Financial Services Committee will meet to mark-up eleven bills. The full list can be found HERE.

Federal Department & Regulatory Agency Meetings & Events

Federal Reserve Board and Federal Reserve Banks

• Thursday, March 6, 3:30 p.m. – Federal Reserve Board Governor Christopher J. Waller gives an economic outlook at the Wall Street Journal CFO Network Summit, New York, New York.

• Friday, March 7, 10:15 a.m. – Federal Reserve Board Governor Michelle W. Bowman participates in a discussion entitled “Monetary Policy Transmission Post-COVID” at The University of Chicago Booth School of Business 2025 U.S. Monetary Policy Forum in New York.

• Friday, March 7, 12:20 p.m. – Federal Reserve Board Governor Adriana D. Kugler gives a speech entitled” The Rebalancing of Labor Markets Across the World” at the Bank of Portugal’s Conference on Monetary Policy Transmission and the Labor Market, Lisbon, Portugal.

• Friday, March 7, 12:30 p.m. – Federal Reserve Board Chair Jerome H. Powell gives a speech on the Economic Outlook at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business 2025 U.S. Monetary Policy Forum in New York.

• Friday, March 7, 1:00 p.m. – Federal Reserve Board Governor Adriana D. Kugler gives a second speech at the Bank of Portugal’s Conference on Monetary Policy Transmission and the Labor Market, Lisbon, Portugal.

U.S. Treasury Department

• Thursday, March 6, 12:00 p.m. – Secretary of the Treasury Scott Bessent speaks at the Economic Club of New York.

Department of Commerce

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Department of Housing and Urban Development

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Securities and Exchange Commission

• Wednesday, March 3, 1:30 p.m. – The 41st Annual NABE (National Association of Business Economics) Economic Policy Conference takes place in Washington, D.C. SEC Commissioner Hester Pierce will speak.

• Thursday, March 6, 8:40 a.m. – The Investment Advisor Compliance Conference is being held in Washington, D.C. SEC Commissioner Hester Pierce will speak.

• Thursday, March 6, 9:40 a.m. – The Wall Street Journal CFO Network Conferencetakes place in new York. Acting SEC Chair Mark Uyeda will speak.

• Thursday, March 6, 10:00 a.m. – The SEC Investor Advisory Committee meets. You can read the Agenda HERE. The Committee will also consider a Draft Recommendation Regarding Investors’ Ability to Bring Claims Under Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933.

• Thursday, March 6, 2:00 p.m. – The SEC holds a Closed Meeting.

Commodities Futures Trading Commission

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Office of the Comptroller of the Currency

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

National Credit Union Administration

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

FINRA

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Federal Housing Finance Agency

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Federal Trade Commission & Department of Justice Antitrust Division

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Farm Credit Administration

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Farm Credit Insurance Corporation

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Small Business Administration

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

International Monetary Fund & World Bank

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

North American Securities Administrators Association

• There are no significant events scheduled at this time.

Trade Associations & Think Tank Events

Trade Associations

• Monday, March 3 – SIFMA holds its Japan Securities Summit in New York.

• Tuesday, March 4 – SIMFA and Smarsh Forum holds an event entitled “Regulatory Challenge of Moving Communications Targets” in New York.

• Wednesday, March 5 – 7 – SIFMA holds its Insurance-Linked Securities Conference in Miami, Florida.

Think Tanks and Other Events

1. Wednesday, March 5, 1:30 p.m. – The Peterson Institute holds a hybrid meeting entitled “USMCA Forward 2025 Launch: Navigating North American Trade Amid Global Changes.”

Recommended Reads

• Trends in Credit Unions' Share of U.S. Private Depository Household LendingFederal Reserve Board’s FEDS Notes

• Trump Wants to Unleash the Banks. End the Bailout Culture First Ross Levine/Barron’s (Jan 24)

• OCC Denies Plans to Consolidate Federal Banking Regulators Bloomberg Law (Feb. 20)

• Why bank M&A is off to a sluggish start in 2025 American Banker (Feb. 20)